Sidney d



UNITED STATES;

PATENT OFFICE.

SIDNEY WALDON, 0F DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR TO PACKARD MOTOR CAR COMPANY, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION OF MICHIGAN.

CARBURETOR. 7

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 6, 1922.

Application filed September 15, 1913. Serial No. 789,849.

T 0 all whom it may concern Be it known that I, SIDNEY D. VVALnoN, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Detroit, Vi ayne county, State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in'Ca-rburetors, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to carburetors for hydro-carbon motors, and particularly to the form and arrangement of the air andfuel passages.

One of the objects of the invention is to provide a carburetor that will produce a correct mixture ofhydrocarbon fuel and air at all speeds of the motor.

Another object is to provide a carburetor that will operate evenly and uniformly at low or idling speeds of the motor, as well as at higher speeds;

Other objects of the invention will appear from the following description taken in connection with the drawings which form a part of this specification, and in which,

Figure 1 is a vertical sectional View through a carburetor embodying the invention;

and partly in section, of the mixing tube and fuel nozzle;

Figure 3 is a transverse section on the line 33 of Figure 1; and

Fig. 41 is an enlarged the nozzle.

Referring to the drawings, the base or body portion of the carburetor comprises a casting 10 having a central part in which sectional view of the main air inlet passage 11 is formed,-

a laterally extending part 12 on one side forming what may be termed a secondary or auxiliary air intake passage 13 and another laterally extending part 1.4 which forms the float chamber 15. Mounted upon the central part of the carburetor base is Figure-2 is a view, partly in elevation.

lateral extension 12. The springs 28 and 24 for controlling the action of this valve are shown within the protecting casing 25.

\Vithin the float chamber 15 is a float 26 which acts through small pivoted levers 27 to control the action of the valve 28 in opening and closing the passage 29 through which gasoline or other liquid fuel enters the float chamber. Hence it will be understood that the float maintains a level of fuel in the float chamber at a predetermined height.

Arranged within the mixing chamber 16 is a mixing tube 30, which is shown as of Venturi form, that is, in the form of two hollow truncated cones joined together at their smallest diameters. Thus the tube has a contracted middle portion 31 and more or less flaring ends 32 and 33. The lower end is provided with a flange 34 by which it is suitably secured to the central part of the carburetor parts, so that the interior of the mixing tube forms an upward continuation of the main air inlet passage 11.

The mixing tube 30 is somewhat smaller in diameter than the interior diameter of the mixing chamber 16, thus leaving an annular space for the passage of air between said tube and chamber, and this space, which may be indicated at 35, is in communication with the auxiliary air inlet passage 13.

As gasoline or other liquid fuel sometimes condenses on the interior walls of the mixing chamber, as when the motor is stopped, pro vision is made in the present carburetor for draining such condensed gasoline from the mixing chamber and onto the ground heneath the motor. Such provision includes the holes or openings 36 at the base of the mixing tube 30, which permit the gasoline to drain into the passage 11, and one or more holes 37 at the lowest point in the said passage 11 which permitssuch gasoline to drain to the ground. Such draining means has been found to be particularly advantageous in preventing destructive fires about the motor from back-fire or similar causes.

It will be seen also that if the motor is operated after some of this condensed fuel has drained to the lower part of the chamber 16, this fuel will be sucked up and returned to the mixture because of the air passing through the openings or passageways 36 at or near the base of the mixing tube 30.

Arranged approximately centrally within the mixing tube. 30 is the fuel nozzle 88, which is shown as threaded at its base in a boss 39 formed in the lower central part of the carburetor body. in the carburetor base and extends from the float chamber 15 to. the hollow boss 39 to.

permit the gasoline to flow from the float chamber to the interior of the nozzle 38, as will be clearly seen from the drawings. A plug ll closes the bottom opening in the boss 39- and upon being removed gives access to the base of the fuel nozzle 38. i

As above suggested, the fuel nozzle 38 extends through a part of the main air intake 1]. and into the mixing tube 30. This nozzle is of elongated form and cooperates with the surrounding tubes and passages to give excellent results in carburetion. The n0z zle, while considerably smaller than the mixing tube 30, is of Venturi shape in that it comprises two hollow truncated cones joined together at their smallest diameters, but the lower cone is considerably longer than the upper one, thus giving a long tapered body .412 to the nozzle, with a flared outlet end 43. This provides a very small neck or contracted portion 4.4, in which is drilled the passage 45, the size of which. determines the real capacity of the nozzle. Thus there is no needle valve or other obstruction in the flared outlet end of the nozzle and this end (an be given the desired capacity without unduly enlarging it as would be required if a needle or other valve were inserted.

The flared outlet end 48 of the fuel nozzle has a clean-cut angular edge 46 shown as formed by the acute angle of the flat top and the cone shaped outer wall of the nozzle, whereby the gasoline or other fuel that is drawn fromv the nozzle by the passage of air through the mixing tube is caused to be broken into small particles or globules and thereby more easily vaporized.

Moreover, the smallest part of the neck or contracted portion 44. is arranged substantially in a horizontal. plane with the neck or contracted middle portion 31 of the mix-- ing tube 30, and as the flare of the nozzle above its contracted portion is substantially the same as the flare of the interior of the mixing tube at that point, the acute angled ec ge of the nozzle is thereby positioned at the-point of greatest velocity of the air passing through the mixing tube, thus further facilitating the carburetion.

It will be seen also that these contracted portions of the nozzle and tube are so arranged relative-to the float and its valve that the liquid fuel is: maintained in the nozzle at approximately the level of said contracted portions. Thus: the nozzleis-flared above the fuel level when the carb'ureter is inactive, as when; the; motor isnot running, obviating the leakage of fuel due to: capillary. attrac A passage 40 is formed.

tion, which has been a serious fault in previous carburetors. This permits. of the use of a higher level in the fuel. nozzle in. the present invention.

A specific embodiment of the invention has been described in detail and will be specifically claimed, but it will be understood that the invention is not limited to the exact details of construction shown, as it will be apparent that changes may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of'the invention.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a. carburetor for hydrocarbon motors, the combination of an upright mixing chamber, a mixing tube within the chamber and of smaller diameter than the chamber, an air inlet means for the mixing chamber, and an air inlet means for the mixing tube, there being an opening formed near the base of the mixing-tube to permit condensed fuel to drain to the latter air inlet means, and an opening to permit said fuel to drain to the ground.

2. In a carburetor, the combination with a mixing tube having its inner surface formed with a contracted portion, of a fuel nozzle therein having its exterior surface contracted at a point adjacent the contracted portion of the mixing tube and providing a flared exterior surface above the point of contraction, the tube and nozzle being unobstructed above the nozzle outlet.

In a carburetor. the combination with a mixing tube having its inner surface formed with a contracted portion, of a fuel nozzle therein having its end arranged adjacent said contracted portion, said end having both its inner and outer surfaces flared upwardly. for the purpose described, said mixing tube being continuously flared above the end of the nozzle.

4. In a carburetor. the combination with a mixing tube having its inner surface formed with a contracted portion, of a fuel nozzle therein having a flared outlet end arranged adjacent said contracted portion, said end having substantially parallel inner and outer walls.

5. In a carburetor, the combination with a mixing tube havin its inner surface formed with a contracted portion, of a fuel nozzle therein having the form of an elongated body contracted exteriorly near its outlet end and flared both interiorly and exteriorly beyond wall of the mixing tube above the latters smallest diameter.

7. In a carburetor, the combination with a body portion forming a mixing chamber, and a mixing tube smaller than the-chamber and arranged therein, the interior wall of said tube being in the form of two truncated cones joined together at their smallest diameters, of a fuel nozzle arranged centrally in said tube and having its interior and exterior walls flared above the plane of the smallest diameter of the tube, means for maintaining liquid fuel in said nozzle at the level of said smallest diameter, and separate air inlets for the mixing tube and the chamber around said tube.

8. In a carburetor, the combination with a mixing tube having its inner surface formed with a contracted portion, of a fuel nozzle extending above said contracted portion and having an upwardly flared exterior surface extending to its upper end and cooperating with the inner surface of the mixing tube.

9. In a carburetor, the combination with a mixing tube having its inner surface formed with a contracted portion, of a fuel nozzle therein having its end arranged adjacent said contracted portion, said end having both its inner and outer surfaces flared upwardly and being unobstructed thereabove, for the purpose described.

10. In a carburetor, the combination with a mixing tube having its inner surface in the form of an inverted truncated cone from a given point upwardly, of a fuel nozzle extending upwardly into said tube and having the outer surface of its upper end flared from said given point upwardly, the upper end of said nozzle being considerably smaller than the smallest internal diameter of said tube.

11. In a carburetor, the combination with a mixing tube having its inner surface in the form of an inverted truncated cone from a given point upwardly, of a fuel nozzle eX- tending upwardly into said tube and having the inner and outer surfaces of its upper end flared from said given point upwardly, the upper end of said nozzle being considerably smaller than the smallest internal diameter of said tube, said nozzle having its fuel outlet at its flared end and said outlet being the only fuel outlet in said mixing tube.

12. In a carburetor, the combination with a mixing tube having its inner surface flared from a given point upwardly, of an unobstructed fuel nozzle in said tube having the outer surface of its upper end flared from said given point upwardly.

13. In a carburetor, the combination with a mixing tube having its inner surface flared from a given point upwardly, of a fuel nozzle in said tube having the outer surface of its upper end flared from said given point upwardly, said tube and nozzle being unobstructed above the nozzle outlet.

14. In a carburetor for hydrocarbon motors, the combination of an upright mixing chamber, a mixing tube within the chamber and of smaller diameter than the chamber, an air inlet means for the mixing chamber, an air inlet means for the lower end of the mixing tube, and means comprising a passageway adjacent the base of the mixing tube permitting the air to pass therethrough for sucking up and returning to the mixture the condensed fuel that may drain to the lower part of the upright mixing chamber.

15. In a carburetor for hydrocarbon motors, the combination of an upright mixing chamber, a mixing tube within the. chamber and of smaller diameter than the chamber, an air inlet means for the mixing chamber, an air inlet means for the lower end of the mixing tube, and a passage through and adjacent the base of the mixing tube permitting the air to pass upwardly therethrough for returning to the mixture the condensed fuel that may drain to the lower part of the upright mixing chamber.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

SIDNEY D. WALDON.

Vitnesses:

Ln R01 J. WILLIAMS, CLAIR J. Core. 

